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Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed a nontoxic one-step flame-retardant coating process for cotton that can be scaled for industry using pad-dry coating. The application of a polyelectrolyte-complex-type coating commonly needs two or more steps, the scientists’ study notes. The new coating process can be tailored to textile products such as clothing or upholstery.
The reaction needed to create the coating on the cotton and impart the self-extinguishing behavior happens through the evaporation of ammonia.
During their work, the researchers looked at composition ratios to find the best mixture and the durability of the water-based coating after rinsing.
They look to partner with companies to evaluate the research to protect wood, fabric, foam and other textiles.
“This is one piece of a big pie that we’re working on, environmentally benign flame-retardants for textiles,” says Jaime Grunlan, Ph.D., the Leland T. Jordan ’29 Chair Professor in the J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M. “We are continuing to develop this technology to improve wash durability and to extend it to other textiles, [for example] polyester, nylon and blends. This is where industrial sponsorship helps to move the work forward. Sponsors will have rights to the technology for commercialization purposes.”
The work was published in ACS Applied Polymer Materials Nov. 22, 2024.